MEM 639 Real-Time Microcomputer Control I Web Page
The objective of MEM639 is to equip mechanical engineers with the necessary electronic
and computer interfacing skills required to digitally control a system. As such, each
3 hour class is comprised of lectures and hands-on lab work to reinforce concepts. This
course webpage will be updated weekly for three purposes. First, weekly lesson plans
serve to illustrate the topics to be covered; second, hand outs, homeworks and
relevant slides are posted for viewing; third, hard print and web references for
further readings, as well as miscellaneous material are accessable through this site.
Given the dynamic nature of this site, students should habitually view this site,
at least weekly. Lesson plans and post-class synopsis are posted for both student
preparation and feedback of the material covered. Documents are posted as
Adobe PDF files which are viewable with Acrobat Reader (preferable Version 4.0).
If you don't have Acrobat installed on your PC, you can download a
free version from Adobe's website.
paul@coe.drexel.edu
Jump to a Lecture:
1 | 2 |
3 | 4 |
5 | 6 |
7 | 8 |
9 | 10 | 11
Jump to a section: Web links and References
Lecture 1 - 09/24/07
Lesson Plan: Course Introduction and LabVIEW Primer
Course motivation, overview, grading schemes and introduction to LabVIEW programming
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- 1-page Course outline
PDF
- Syllabus Slides
PDF
- Week-to-week schedule
Fall Term (Updated 11/04/07)
- Lab: LabVIEW Basics
PDF
- LabVIEW code
ZIP (password protected)
- LabView Getting Started Guide (102-pages)
PDF
- LabVIEW Quick Reference Guide (4-pages)
PDF
Announcements: For next lecture
- $100 Deposit: Post dated check (12/25/07) made to Drexel University,
for multimeter and toolbox
- Contact George Ciarrocchi for computer accounts and ID card swipe access.
Tel: 215-895-1397 or george@coe.drexel.edu
Synopsis:
To be added
Lecture 2 - 10/01/07
Lesson Plan: Digital Inputs and Outputs
At heart, a digital control system demands appreciating its
discrete nature; a signal is either on or off. LabVIEW and the
USB-6211 will be used to demonstrate digital inputs and outputs.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lecture: Numbering Systems
PDF
- Lab: LabVIEW Digital Inputs and Outputs
PDF
- LabVIEW code
ZIP (password protected)
- USB-6211 Data Sheet
PDF
- Homework: Numbering Systems
PDF
- No Class Next Week
Columbus Day Holiday. Lectures resume
the following week
Synopsis:
To be added
Lecture 3 - 10/15/07
: Columbus Day last week
Lesson Plan: Analog Input and Output
Signal acquisition and command generation is respectfully done with analog voltage input and
output. The USB-6211 will be used with a potentiometer-based sensor and to create a virtual
variable power supply.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lab: LabVIEW Analog Inputs and Outputs
PDF
- LabVIEW code
ZIP (password protected)
- Lecture: Voltage Dividers and Op-Amps
PDF
- Homework: Op-Amps
PDF
Synopsis:
To be completed
Lecture 4 - 10/22/07
Lesson Plan: Counters and Timers
synchronization is an important element in designing a successful PC-based controller.
The USB-6211 will be used to demonstate reading optical encoder counts and generating
PWM signals to actuate an hobby RC servo.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lab: LabVIEW Timers and Counters
PDF
- US Digital Encoder E4P Datasheet
PDF
- LabVIEW code
ZIP (password protected)
- Lecture: Block Diagrams and Transfer Functions
PDF
- Homework: Block diagrams and Differential Equations
PDF
- Midterm Next Week
Synopsis:
To be Added
Lecture 5 - 10/29/07
Lesson Plan: Mid-term
The 120-minute midterm consists of two parts. The first is a traditional closed-book written exam.
The second tests for LabVIEW programming and hardware interfacing.
Synopsis:
To be completed
Lecture 6 - 11/05/07
Lesson Plan: Simulation and Motor Theory
Motor driven systems can be modeled in simulation. A lecture on motor dynamics and lab on simulating
systems provides the foundation towards closed-loop control design.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lab: LabVIEW Simulation Tool Kit Primer
PDF
- LabVIEW Code
ZIP
- Lecture: Motor Theory
PDF
- Homework: Simulation and Motor Theory
PDF
Synopsis:
To be completed
Lecture 7 - 11/12/07
Lesson Plan: System Type and PID Theory
The tethered motorized cart is introduced in this lab. This platform will serve
to meet the course final objective: the closed-loop control of a DC motor. Open loop
step response is used to identify the system's time constant. Lecture on System
Type and PID theory serves to prepare students in the techniques for closed-loop
control.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lecture: System Id
PDF
- Lecture: PID Theory
PDF
- Motorized tethered Cart: Set up instructions
PDF
- Lab: Open-Loop Control
PDF
- LabVIEW Code
Ver 8.0 ZIP | Ver 8.2 ZIP
- Homework: System ID and PID
PDF
Lecture 8 - 11/19/07
Lesson Plan: Project Day
Class time is dedicated to drafting one's Project
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Outline for Project DRAFT
PDF
- Homework: Project Draft (5-page written draft due next week)
- Thanksgiving Holiday: begins tomorrow 11/20/07. Classes
resume next Monday, 11/26/07
Synopsis:
To be completed
Lecture 9 - 11/26/06
Lesson Plan: PID Implementation
Closed-loop PID control of the motorized tethered cart is performed in simulation and experimentally
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
- Lecture: PID Implementation
PDF
- Lab: PID Implementation (simulation and experimentally)
PDF
- LabVIEW Code
Ver 8.0 ZIP | Ver 8.2 ZIP
- Homework: Project Draft (10-page final written report due next week)
- Project Demo: next week 12/03/07.
Synopsis:
To be completed
Lecture 10 - 12/03/07
Lesson Plan: Project Demo
Final written project due. Demo of closed-loop PID control of the motorized tethered cart due today.
Handouts, slides and Homeworks
Lecture 11 - 12/10/07
Lesson Plan: Final Exam
Basic Electronics
There are plenty of on-line resources on electronics at all levels. Some deal
with specific topics while others are more general. Some excellent newsgroups
are: sci.electronics.misc, comp.robotics.misc, comp.arch.embedded,
sci.electronics.basics, sci.electronics.design and sci.electronics.misc.
These newsgroups are very friendly and helpful in answering questions
in all areas of electronics. Some useful web links are
My first electronics project was building a joystick for my Atari 400 computer
when I was in highschool. I began by going to my local Radio Shack and
buying a solderless breadboard, some wire and Forrest Mim's "Getting Started
in Electronics". This $5.00 book is still sold at Radio Shack (part no.
276-5003) and I find it excellent for both the amateur and experienced electronics
hobbyist. Other books are:
- The Art of Electronics
This tome by Horowitz and Hill is also consider a "bible" of electronics. It's the type of book all engineers should
have on their bookshelf. You'll find it timeless as an excellent reference book and very
comprehensive.
- Gordon McComb's The
Robot Builder's Bonanza is also a great source for learning electronics. It
is more specific to robot builders, but puts many electronic concepts to use, such as amplifiers,
relays, motors and solenoids.
Control Theory
Control theory often means different things to different people. For some, control
entails just turning something on or off. For others, it is mathematically abstract; a tool for
those who enjoy manipulating linear and non-linear differential equations and matrices. I've found
that latter is easier to appreciate if you keep you eye on the big picture and the math often
follows much easier. Some webpages are:
Some general control systems theory books that I've enjoyed are:
- Benjamin Kuo's Automatic Control
is in its 7th edition and is another "bible" in the control area. Kuo goes presents the mathematics but
goes beyound the abstraction. Real world examples are applications are presented.
- Ogata's Modern Control Engineering
and Discrete-Time Control Systems
also two great books to learn control systems.
- Franklin Powell's Digital Control of Dynamic Systems
is also a well-referenced digital control systems design book
- I enjoy Astrom's Computer-Controlled Systems very
much. Astrom presents the mathematical concepts very clearly and his books are a manifestation of his many years in the field.
- Hutchings' $35.00 Interfacing With C is quite
a good book with algorithms, control theory and mathematics are presented on a high level. It is well worth the money and serves
as a good handbook covering areas such as filtering, Kalman filtering and data acquisition.
Computer Interfacing
Much of what will be learned in MEM 639 will involve computer interfacing. The web is abound with
references.
Some books that are useful are:
- Tompkin's Interfacing Sensors to the IBM-PC
is an excellent book. It gives an excellent treatment of the PC's ISA bus as well as schematics for an 8255, ADC and DAC
card
- Hutchings' Interfacing With C is quite
a good book. Algorithms, control theory and mathematics are presented on a high level to get the reader beyond the
low-level abstractions. This $35.00 book is well worth the money as a good handbook. The downside is that full
schematics are not presented.
- Applied PC Interfacing, Graphics, and Interrupts
by Buchanan gives some practical code in C and Pascal, especially in graphics and interrupts. It is useful if
the reader has some prior knowledge of the 8255, 8254 and 8259 chips. The
book's downside is the lack of schematics.
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