SPECULATIONS ON A CONTINUUM COSMOLOGICAL MODEL
DESCRIBED IN FRIEDMANN-LEMAITRE SPACETIME

Conceptual Considerations

Moishe Garfinkle

(215) 951-6843

Philadelphia, PA 19144

ABSTRACT

The Standard Cosmological Model has so well integrated celestial and relativistic mechanics with particle physics into a coherent description of the universe that it is a little less than astonishing just how well this cosmological model is in agreement with empirical observations on a scale from the sub-atomic to the galactic; particularly in regard of the observable abundance of light elements. Nevertheless certain difficulties remain including closure, horizons, smoothness and symmetry. Reformulations of the Standard Model in terms of various Grand Unification Theories have been proposed to address these problems, but in fact add considerable complications to a hitherto coherent, relatively straight-forward, concept. Moreover, beyond these difficulties the Standard Model is intrinsically deficient in two respects: it is murky about the very distant past and uncertain about the very distant future.

***

An alternative model is proposed termed the Continuum Cosmological Model to address these concerns, fully recognizing that any alternative model must at best encompass the Standard Cosmological Model or at least be consistent with it. This alternative model, described using the SCM formalism, has a very profound effect on horizon, symmetry and smoothness as related to our comoving portion of the universe, and particularly on closure. In support of Continuum Cosmological Model the most recent JCM submillimeter findings reveal extensive starbirth in high redshift galaxies that cannot be fully reconciled with the SCM because the rate of formation of a significant number of galaxies appears to belong to a more recent universe, a conclusion that fits comfortable into the Continuum Cosmological Model.

***

The Continuum Cosmological Model is sufficiently explicit that it can be empirically tested by experimental observations concerning the gravitational potential between matter and anti-matter particles. Such experiments are seriously being considered at CERN, and perhaps conducted early in the next decade.

***

        According to the Continuum Cosmological Model
 

1) a temporal singularity exists with zero-volume and infinite temperature;
2) no information whatsoever can pass through the temporal singularity;
3) matter cannot exist above the Planck temperature;
4) there is sufficient mass in the vicinity of the singularity to effect closure.
5) no gravitational potential exists between equivalent matter and antimatter particles;
6) clustering leading to large scale structure forms prior to nucleosynthesis; and
7) the baryon number, lepton number, charge number and gravitational number of the universe are each absolutely zero.

***

The annoying smoothness in the cosmic background radiation and the bothersome large-scale structure in galaxy distribution are examined in terms of the Continuum Cosmological Model. Plausible explanations are presented for the existence of the present universe without recourse to the myriad of grand unification schemes and their exasperating need for the CP violations that don't appears necessary in the nuclear processes presumably required to construct the universe.

CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION
2 BACKGROUND
3 STANDARD COSMOLOGICAL MODEL
SCM Closure Problem
SCM Horizon Problem
SCM Symmetry Problem
SCM Smoothness Problem
4 CONTINUUM COSMOLOGICAL MODEL
World Form
Friedmann-Lemaitre Spacetime
Spectral Shift
Singularity
Pseudo-Stellar Fireball
Planck Interface
Spacetime Curvature
5 SYNTHESIS
Fermiosynthesis
Leptosynthesis
Baryosynthesis
Baryon Symmetry Violation
Critique of Evidence for Baryon Symmetry Violation
6 INTERACTIONS
Gravitational Potentials
Potential Form
Baryonic Clustering
Freeze-Out
Large-Scale Structure
Nucleosynthesis
Decoupling
Dicke Coincidence
Black Holes, White Holes, and Other Anomolies
Cosmic Background Radiation
Local Expansion
7 CCM CONCERNS
Closure
Horizon
Symmetry
Smoothness
Homogeneity
8 VERIFICATION
Lepton Experiment
Baryon Experiment
9 DISCUSSION
Cosmogony and Eschatology
10 SUMMARY

CONTINUUM COSMOLOGICAL MODEL

Conceptual Considerations